城市道路分隔栏杆是用于分隔车道、规范交通秩序的关键交通基础设施。作为交通“守护线”，其在分隔交通流、阻拦不良交通行为、提升道路美观度等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。护栏设置不是随意的，需要综合考虑道路类型、交通流量、安全需求等多重因素，现依据国家规范、行业标准，简要介绍中央护栏、机非护栏、人非护栏的三类典型分隔栏杆的设置条件。

　　Urban road dividers are key transportation infrastructure used to separate lanes and regulate traffic order. As the "guardian line" of transportation, it plays an irreplaceable role in separating traffic flow, blocking bad traffic behavior, and improving road aesthetics. The setting of guardrails is not arbitrary, and multiple factors such as road type, traffic flow, and safety requirements need to be comprehensively considered. Based on national regulations and industry standards, this article briefly introduces the setting conditions of three typical types of partition guardrails: central guardrails, non motorized guardrails, and non motorized guardrails.

　　一、中央护栏设置目的：防止车辆闯入对向车道以及行人横跨道路，减少恶性碰撞事故。规范依据：1、《城市道路交通设施设计规范》(GB 50688-2011)第7.6.1条规定，双向六车道及以上的道路，当无中央分隔带且不设防撞护栏时，应在中间带设分隔栏杆；2、《城市道路交通隔离栏设置指南》（GA/T 1567-2019）第4.2.2条规定，城市双向四车道及以上次干路无中央隔离带时，或者道路中设有高架道路、大型桥梁墩柱又无其他隔离措施的路段，宜设置中央隔离栏；第4.2.3条规定，桥梁、高架路、立交、隧道双向通行的出入口与地面道路衔接段，宜设置中央隔离栏；第4.2.4条规定，在已设有道路中间绿化隔离带或水泥隔离墩等中央隔离带的道路，当行人、非机动车横穿机动车道现象严重时，应在中央分隔带上设置中央隔离栏。第4.2.9条规定，双向两车道的城市道路不宜设置中央隔离栏。常见形式：金属梁柱式护栏、混凝土护栏、绿化带+低矮护栏组合等。

　　1、 The purpose of setting up a central guardrail is to prevent vehicles from entering the opposite lane and pedestrians from crossing the road, reducing the risk of serious collision accidents. According to Article 7.6.1 of the "Code for Design of Urban Road Traffic Facilities" (GB 50688-2011), for roads with six or more lanes in both directions, if there is no central median and no collision barrier is installed, a median barrier should be installed in the middle; 2. According to Article 4.2.2 of the "Guidelines for the Setting of Urban Road Traffic Barriers" (GA/T 1567-2019), when there is no central barrier on urban two-way four lane and above secondary roads, or on road sections with elevated roads, large bridge piers, and no other isolation measures, a central barrier should be set up; According to Article 4.2.3, central barriers should be installed at the entrances and exits of bridges, elevated roads, overpasses, and tunnels that allow two-way traffic to connect with ground roads; Article 4.2.4 stipulates that on roads that already have central median strips such as green median strips or cement barriers, when pedestrians or non motorized vehicles cross the motor vehicle lane seriously, a central barrier should be installed on the central median strip. Article 4.2.9 stipulates that central barriers should not be installed on urban roads with two lanes in both directions. Common forms: metal beam column guardrail, concrete guardrail, combination of green belt and low guardrail, etc.

　　二、机非护栏设置目的：物理隔离机动车与非机动车流，防止相互侵占车道，保障各行其道。规范依据：1、《城市道路交通设施设计规范》(GB 50688-2011)第7.6.1条规定，以下情况应设置机动车与非机动车分隔栏杆：（1）双向四车道及以上的道路，机动车道和非机动车道为一幅路设计，应在机动车道和非机动车道之间设置分隔栏杆；（2）非机动车流量达到饱和或机动车有随意在路边停车现象时，机动车道和非机动车道为一幅路断面，宜在机动车道和非机动车道之间设置分隔栏杆；（3）机动车道和非机动车道为共板断面，路口功能区范围宜设非机动车和机动车分隔栏杆；在路口设置时，应避免设置分隔栏杆后妨碍转弯和掉头车辆的行驶。2、《城市道路工程设计规范》（CJJ37-2012）第9.3.1条规定，当次干路设计速度大于或等于40km/h时，机动车宜与非机动车道设置机非护栏。3、《城市道路交通隔离栏设置指南》（GA/T 1567-2019）第4.3.1条规定，机动车道和非机动车道为共板断面，且非机动车车道宽度大于或等于1.5m以上的路段，当非机动车流量较大时，宜设置机非隔离栏；第4.3.2条规定，机动车道和非机动车道为共板断面，机动车单行道中对向通行的非机动车道宜设置机非隔离栏；第4.3.3条规定，机动车道和非机动车道为共板断面，平面交叉口范围内宜设置机非隔离栏；第4.3.4条规定，在重点保障非机动车通行的路段，宜设置机非隔离栏。常见形式：矮型金属护栏（栅栏式、管式）、混凝土护栏等。

　　2、 The purpose of setting up non motorized vehicle guardrails is to physically isolate the flow of motor vehicles and non motorized vehicles, prevent mutual encroachment on the lane, and ensure that each lane follows its own path. According to Article 7.6.1 of the "Code for Design of Urban Road Traffic Facilities" (GB 50688-2011), motor vehicle and non motor vehicle separation barriers should be installed in the following situations: (1) For roads with four or more lanes in both directions, motor vehicle lanes and non motor vehicle lanes should be designed as one road, and separation barriers should be installed between the motor vehicle lanes and non motor vehicle lanes; (2) When the flow of non motorized vehicles reaches saturation or there is a phenomenon of motor vehicles parking on the roadside at will, the motor vehicle lane and the non motorized vehicle lane form a road section, and it is advisable to set up a divider between the motor vehicle lane and the non motorized vehicle lane; (3) The motor vehicle lane and the non motor vehicle lane share a common section, and it is advisable to install a barrier separating non motor vehicles and motor vehicles within the functional area of the intersection; When setting up barriers at intersections, it is necessary to avoid obstructing the movement of turning and turning vehicles. 2. According to Article 9.3.1 of the "Code for Design of Urban Road Engineering" (CJJ37-2012), when the design speed of the secondary road is greater than or equal to 40km/h, motor vehicles should be equipped with non motor vehicle guardrails along the non motor vehicle lane. 3. According to Article 4.3.1 of the "Guidelines for the Setting of Urban Road Traffic Barriers" (GA/T 1567-2019), motor vehicle lanes and non motor vehicle lanes have a common section, and the width of the non motor vehicle lane is greater than or equal to 1.5 meters. When the flow of non motor vehicles is large, it is advisable to set up non motor vehicle barriers; Article 4.3.2 stipulates that motor vehicle lanes and non motor vehicle lanes share a common cross-section, and non motor vehicle lanes passing in the opposite direction of motor vehicle single lanes should be equipped with machine non separation barriers; Article 4.3.3 stipulates that motor vehicle lanes and non motor vehicle lanes share a common cross-section, and it is advisable to install non motorized vehicle barriers within the scope of level intersections; According to Article 4.3.4, it is advisable to set up non motorized vehicle isolation barriers on key road sections that ensure the passage of non motorized vehicles. Common forms: Short metal guardrails (fence type, pipe type), concrete guardrails, etc.

　　三、人非护栏设置目的：隔离非机动车道与人行道，防止非机动车驶入人行道威胁行人安全，同时引导行人走人行道。规范依据：1、《城市道路交通设施设计规范》(GB 50688-2011)第7.6.1条规定，以下情况应设置人行道与非机动车道分隔栏杆。（1）非机动车道和人行道为共板断面，宜在非机动车道和人行道之间设置分隔栏杆；（2）非机动车道高于边侧地面有跌落危险时，应在非机动车道边缘设置分隔栏杆。2、《城市道路交通隔离栏设置指南》（GA/T 1567-2019）第4.4.1条规定，车站、码头、商业中心和大型公共场所出入口，人行天桥、地铁口等人流汇聚区的车行道边，应沿路设置行人隔离栏。常见形式：低矮金属护栏（管式、网格状）等。

　　3、 The purpose of setting up pedestrian guardrails is to separate non motorized vehicle lanes from sidewalks, prevent non motorized vehicles from entering sidewalks and threatening pedestrian safety, while guiding pedestrians to walk on sidewalks. According to Article 7.6.1 of the "Code for Design of Urban Road Traffic Facilities" (GB 50688-2011), pedestrian and non motorized vehicle lane separation barriers should be installed in the following situations. (1) The non motorized vehicle lane and pedestrian walkway share a common section, and it is advisable to install a separating railing between them; (2) When there is a risk of falling on the non motorized vehicle lane above the side ground, a partition railing should be installed at the edge of the non motorized vehicle lane. 2. According to Article 4.4.1 of the "Guidelines for the Setting of Urban Road Traffic Barriers" (GA/T 1567-2019), pedestrian barriers should be installed along the entrances and exits of stations, docks, commercial centers, large public places, pedestrian overpasses, subway entrances, and other areas with high pedestrian flow. Common forms: low metal guardrails (tubular, grid shaped), etc.

　　结语护栏的科学合理设计和规范管理，是城市交通治理走向精细化的重要一步，可以有效提升城市交通的安全性和效率，同时有助于美化城市环境。未来，分隔栏杆的设置标准将持续迭代完善。在规范执行层面，这些标准出现冲突时，应遵循“上位优先、时效优先”原则，即优先遵循最新发布的国标规范。同时，地方性规范标准也可以结合当地交通特征，进行细化补充，形成“国家标准打底、地方特色补充”规范实施体系。

　　The scientific and rational design and standardized management of guardrails is an important step towards the refinement of urban traffic governance, which can effectively improve the safety and efficiency of urban traffic, while also helping to beautify the urban environment. In the future, the standards for setting up partition railings will continue to iterate and improve. At the level of normative implementation, when there is a conflict between these standards, the principle of "superior priority, timeliness priority" should be followed, that is, the latest published national standard specifications should be followed first. At the same time, local regulatory standards can also be refined and supplemented based on local traffic characteristics, forming a regulatory implementation system of "national standards as a foundation and local characteristics as supplements".

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