钢结构因其自重轻、施工快、抗震性强等优势，广泛应用于工业厂房、仓储物流、公共建筑等领域。屋面板作为轻钢建筑的关键组成部分，需兼顾防水、保温、耐久性及经济性。

　　Steel structures are widely used in industrial plants, warehousing and logistics, public buildings and other fields due to their advantages of light weight, fast construction, and strong seismic resistance. As a key component of light steel buildings, roof panels need to balance waterproofing, insulation, durability, and economy.

　　也许大多数结构工程师会问：屋面材料不是建筑师确定吗？按正常逻辑，确实应该这样！但实践中可能会存在建筑师对钢结构屋面的构造做法也不清楚，甚至可能不如结构工程师了解得多。

　　Perhaps most structural engineers would ask: Isn't the roofing material determined by the architect According to normal logic, it should indeed be like this! However, in practice, architects may not be clear about the construction methods of steel structure roofs, and may not even have as much knowledge as structural engineers.

　　本文梳理了5种主流屋面板材料特性，助大家对屋面板材料有个概念性的了解，继而合理选材，对荷载取值确定时，也有一定的用处。

　　This article summarizes the characteristics of 5 mainstream roof panel materials, which helps everyone to have a conceptual understanding of roof panel materials, and then select materials reasonably. It is also useful for determining load values.

　　一、单层彩钢板

　　1、 Single layer color steel plate

　　17J925-1图集中常用的彩钢板型号特点：

　　Characteristics of commonly used color steel plate models in the 17J925-1 dataset:

　　由镀锌/镀铝锌基板经辊压成型，表面涂覆聚酯、硅改性聚酯或氟碳涂层，厚度多为0.3-0.8mm。自重轻（3-8kg/m），安装便捷，常采用自攻钉或角驰支架固定，也有暗扣咬边安装。经济性高，适用于对保温要求较低的临时建筑或厂房。缺点：保温隔热性能差，需额外铺设保温层；耐腐蚀性一般，沿海或化工环境易生锈。

　　Formed by rolling galvanized/aluminum zinc coated substrates, the surface is coated with polyester, silicon modified polyester or fluorocarbon coating, with a thickness of 0.3-0.8mm. Lightweight (3-8kg/m ), easy to install, often fixed with self tapping screws or corner brackets, and also with hidden buckle and edge installation. High economic efficiency, suitable for temporary buildings or factories with low insulation requirements. Disadvantages: Poor thermal insulation performance, requiring additional insulation layer to be laid; Corrosion resistance is average, and coastal or chemical environments are prone to rusting.

　　二、复合彩钢板（现场复合板）

　　2、 Composite color steel plate (on-site composite plate)

　　特点：

　　Characteristics:

　　由彩钢顶板+玻璃棉/岩棉+彩钢底板现场复合，实现保温层与结构一体化。保温性能优异（导热系数0.035-0.045W/(m·K)），适合严寒或高温地区。可做到无搭接设计，防水性能提升，檩条露明或暗藏两种安装方式可选。

　　On site composite of color steel top plate, glass wool/rock wool, and color steel bottom plate to achieve the integration of insulation layer and structure. Excellent insulation performance (thermal conductivity 0.035-0.045W/(m · K)), suitable for cold or high temperature areas. It can achieve a non overlapping design, improve waterproof performance, and offer two installation options for exposed or hidden purlins.

　　缺点：自重较大（15-25kg/m），需加强主体结构承载力；施工复杂，人工成本较高，暗藏檩条方案费用增加30%-50%。

　　Disadvantages: Large self weight (15-25kg/m ), requiring strengthening of the main structural bearing capacity; The construction is complex, the labor cost is high, and the cost of hidden purlin schemes increases by 30% -50%.

　　三、岩棉夹芯板

　　3、 Rock wool sandwich panel

　　特点：

　　Characteristics:

　　以岩棉为芯材，双面复合彩钢板，耐火极限达1-2小时，满足A级防火标准。兼具保温（导热系数0.040W/(m·K)）与隔音（降噪≥30dB），适用于医院、学校等场所。抗压强度高（≥40kPa），可承受较大荷载。

　　Using rock wool as the core material and double-sided composite color steel plate, the fire resistance limit reaches 1-2 hours, meeting Class A fire protection standards. Combining insulation (thermal conductivity 0.040W/(m · K)) and sound insulation (noise reduction ≥ 30dB), suitable for hospitals, schools and other places. High compressive strength (≥ 40kPa), capable of withstanding large loads.

　　缺点：吸水性较强（吸水率≥5%），需严格密封处理以防渗水；自重较大（20-30kg/m），运输和安装成本较高。

　　Disadvantages: Strong water absorption (water absorption rate ≥ 5%), requiring strict sealing treatment to prevent water leakage; The self weight is relatively large (20-30kg/m ), and the transportation and installation costs are high.

　　四、铝镁锰板

　　4、 Aluminum magnesium manganese plate

　　特点：采用铝镁锰合金（AA3004/AA3005）轧制，耐腐蚀性远超普通彩钢板，寿命可达50年。强度高（抗拉强度≥260MPa），可加工为扇形、弧形等复杂造型，适配异形屋面。轻量化（5-10kg/m），配合直立锁边技术，防水性能卓越。缺点：单价高（约为彩钢板的2-3倍），初期投资大；保温性能不足，需复合保温层使用。

　　Features: Rolled with aluminum magnesium manganese alloy (AA3004/AA3005), the corrosion resistance far exceeds that of ordinary color steel plates, and the service life can reach 50 years. High strength (tensile strength ≥ 260MPa), can be processed into complex shapes such as fan-shaped and arc-shaped, suitable for irregular roofs. Lightweight (5-10kg/m ), combined with upright locking technology, excellent waterproof performance. Disadvantages: High unit price (about 2-3 times that of color steel plate), large initial investment; Insufficient insulation performance, composite insulation layer needs to be used.

　　五、树脂瓦（合成树脂瓦）

　　5、 Resin tile (synthetic resin tile)

　　特点：

　　Characteristics:

　　以ASA/PVC等高分子材料模压成型，耐候性强（-50℃~70℃适用），抗紫外线老化。自重极轻（6-8kg/m），可直接铺设在原有屋面上，改造便捷。色彩丰富，仿古瓦造型美观，适用于民宿、景观建筑。缺点：抗风揭能力弱（需加强固定措施），不适用于台风频发地区；热膨胀系数高（0.06-0.08mm/m·℃），接缝处易变形漏水。

　　Made by molding ASA/PVC and other polymer materials, it has strong weather resistance (suitable for -50 ℃~70 ℃) and resistance to UV aging. Extremely lightweight (6-8kg/m ), it can be directly laid on the original roof, making it easy to renovate. Rich in color and beautiful in antique tile design, suitable for homestays and landscape architecture. Disadvantages: Weak wind resistance (requiring strengthened fixing measures), not suitable for areas with frequent typhoons; The thermal expansion coefficient is high (0.06-0.08mm/m ·℃), and the joints are prone to deformation and water leakage.

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