济南轻型钢结构厂房安装需遵循严格标准，结合当地气候条件与建筑规范，确保结构安全稳定、施工质量达标。以下是具体的安装标准说明：

　　The installation of light steel structure factories in Jinan must follow strict standards, combined with local climate conditions and building regulations, to ensure structural safety and stability, and construction quality standards. The following are specific installation standard instructions:

　　前期准备需符合规范要求。施工前需审核设计图纸，核对钢结构构件的型号、尺寸、数量，确保与图纸一致，同时检查构件外观，不得有裂纹、变形、涂层脱落等缺陷，若发现问题需及时返厂处理。根据施工场地的地质勘察报告，确认基础承载力符合设计要求，基础预埋件的位置、标高、平面位移偏差需控制在允许范围内（通常标高偏差不超过 ±10mm，平面位移不超过 ±20mm）。清理场地障碍物，平整场地并做好排水设施，防止雨季积水影响施工。准备好吊装设备（如汽车吊、履带吊）、测量工具（全站仪、水准仪、经纬仪）及安装辅材（高强螺栓、焊条等），设备需经检验合格，工具需校准精准。

　　The preliminary preparation must comply with the regulatory requirements. Before construction, it is necessary to review the design drawings, verify the model, size, and quantity of the steel structural components to ensure consistency with the drawings, and inspect the appearance of the components to ensure that there are no defects such as cracks, deformation, or coating peeling. If any problems are found, they should be promptly returned to the factory for processing. According to the geological survey report of the construction site, it is confirmed that the foundation bearing capacity meets the design requirements. The position, elevation, and plane displacement deviation of the foundation embedded parts need to be controlled within the allowable range (usually the elevation deviation does not exceed ± 10mm, and the plane displacement does not exceed ± 20mm). Clear the obstacles on the site, level the area, and install drainage facilities to prevent water accumulation during the rainy season from affecting construction. Prepare lifting equipment (such as truck cranes, crawler cranes), measuring tools (total station, level, theodolite), and installation accessories (high-strength bolts, welding rods, etc.). The equipment must be inspected and qualified, and the tools must be calibrated accurately.

　　基础与预埋件安装是关键环节。基础混凝土强度需达到设计强度的 75% 以上方可进行钢结构安装，预埋件表面需清理干净，去除浮锈和杂物。安装前用水准仪测量预埋件标高，通过垫铁调整平整度，垫铁需垫实垫稳，每组垫铁不超过 3 块，且与基础接触紧密。预埋件与基础的连接需牢固，若采用螺栓固定，螺栓拧紧扭矩需符合设计要求，外露丝扣长度为 2-3 扣。基础顶面需设置防潮层，防止钢结构底部受潮锈蚀，济南多雨气候下，此环节尤为重要。

　　The installation of foundations and embedded parts is a crucial step. The basic concrete strength needs to reach 75% or more of the design strength before steel structure installation can be carried out. The surface of the embedded parts needs to be cleaned to remove floating rust and debris. Before installation, use a level to measure the elevation of the embedded parts, adjust the flatness through shims, and ensure that the shims are firmly and securely placed. Each group of shims should not exceed 3 pieces and should be in close contact with the foundation. The connection between the embedded parts and the foundation should be firm. If bolts are used for fixation, the tightening torque of the bolts should meet the design requirements, and the exposed thread length should be 2-3 threads. A moisture-proof layer should be installed on the top surface of the foundation to prevent the bottom of the steel structure from being damp and corroded. This is particularly important in Jinan's rainy climate.

　　构件安装需精准控制。钢柱安装时，用全站仪校正垂直度，垂直度偏差不得超过 H/1000（H 为柱高），且最大偏差不超过 15mm。柱脚与预埋件连接牢固，拧紧地脚螺栓后，在柱脚空隙处灌注细石混凝土，待混凝土凝固后再拆除临时支撑。屋面梁、屋面檩条安装需按编号顺序进行，梁与柱的连接节点需对齐，采用高强螺栓连接时，螺栓穿入方向一致，不得强行敲打，初拧、终拧需按规定顺序进行，终拧扭矩值需符合设计标准。檩条安装间距偏差不超过 ±5mm，顶面标高偏差不超过 ±10mm，确保屋面平整，便于后续屋面系统施工。

　　The installation of components requires precise control. When installing steel columns, use a total station to calibrate the verticality. The verticality deviation should not exceed H/1000 (H is the column height), and the maximum deviation should not exceed 15mm. The column base should be firmly connected to the embedded parts, and after tightening the anchor bolts, pour fine aggregate concrete into the gap at the column base. After the concrete solidifies, remove the temporary support. The installation of roof beams and roof purlins should be carried out in the order of numbering, and the connection nodes between beams and columns should be aligned. When using high-strength bolts for connection, the direction of bolt penetration should be consistent, and forced tapping is not allowed. The initial and final tightening should be carried out in the prescribed order, and the final tightening torque value should meet the design standards. The installation spacing deviation of purlins shall not exceed ± 5mm, and the top elevation deviation shall not exceed ± 10mm, ensuring a flat roof and facilitating subsequent roof system construction.

　　屋面与墙面系统安装需符合密封与承重要求。屋面彩钢板铺设应顺流水方向搭接，搭接长度不小于 100mm，并用自攻螺钉固定，螺钉间距均匀，每波峰处至少设置 1 颗，且需打在波峰上，防止漏水。墙面彩钢板安装需垂直平整，板与板之间的搭接缝需用密封胶密封，转角处需加装包角件，增强密封性和美观度。屋面支撑系统（如水平支撑、隅撑）需同步安装，保证整体稳定性，支撑构件的连接节点不得松动，焊接部位的焊缝高度需符合设计要求，且无气孔、夹渣等缺陷。

　　The installation of roof and wall systems must comply with sealing and load-bearing requirements. The laying of roof color steel plates should be overlapped in the direction of water flow, with an overlap length of not less than 100mm, and fixed with self tapping screws, with uniform spacing between screws. At least one screw should be set at each peak, and it should be hit on the peak to prevent water leakage. The installation of color steel plates on the wall should be vertical and flat, and the overlapping joints between the plates should be sealed with sealant. Corner fittings should be added at the corners to enhance sealing and aesthetics. The roof support system (such as horizontal supports and corner braces) needs to be installed synchronously to ensure overall stability. The connection nodes of the support components must not be loose, and the weld height of the welding parts must meet the design requirements and be free of defects such as air holes and slag inclusions.

　　高强螺栓连接与焊接质量需严格把控。高强螺栓安装前需检查其型号、规格，不得混用，接触面需经处理（如喷砂、打磨），摩擦面抗滑移系数符合设计规定。螺栓拧紧分初拧和终拧，初拧扭矩为终拧扭矩的 50%，终拧后需做标记，严禁漏拧、欠拧。焊接作业需由持证焊工操作，焊条型号与母材匹配，焊接前清理坡口两侧的油污、铁锈，焊接后检查焊缝质量，外观不得有裂纹、未熔合等缺陷，重要焊缝需进行无损检测。济南风力较大，连接节点的强度直接影响结构抗风性能，需格外重视。

　　The connection and welding quality of high-strength bolts need to be strictly controlled. Before installing high-strength bolts, their model and specifications must be checked and mixed. The contact surface must be treated (such as sandblasting and polishing), and the anti slip coefficient of the friction surface must meet the design requirements. Bolt tightening is divided into initial tightening and final tightening, with the initial tightening torque being 50% of the final tightening torque. After final tightening, a mark must be made to strictly prohibit missing or insufficient tightening. Welding operations must be carried out by certified welders, with welding rod models matching the base metal. Before welding, clean the oil and rust on both sides of the groove. After welding, inspect the quality of the weld seam, and ensure that there are no defects such as cracks or lack of fusion on the appearance. Important welds must undergo non-destructive testing. The wind in Jinan is strong, and the strength of the connecting nodes directly affects the wind resistance performance of the structure, which requires special attention.

　　防火与防腐处理需达标。钢结构表面涂层需均匀光滑，干膜厚度符合设计要求（通常底漆厚度不小于 40μm，面漆厚度不小于 30μm），涂层需覆盖所有外露表面，包括螺栓、节点等部位。防火涂料施工需在钢结构安装验收合格后进行，涂层厚度根据防火等级确定，施工过程中需分层涂刷，每层厚度不超过规定值，确保涂层附着牢固，无空鼓、脱落。对于易积水的部位（如天沟、柱脚），需加强防腐处理，可增加涂层厚度或采用镀锌处理。

　　Fire prevention and anti-corrosion treatment must meet the standards. The surface coating of steel structures should be uniform and smooth, and the dry film thickness should meet the design requirements (usually the primer thickness should not be less than 40 μ m, and the topcoat thickness should not be less than 30 μ m). The coating should cover all exposed surfaces, including bolts, nodes, and other parts. The construction of fireproof coating should be carried out after the installation and acceptance of the steel structure is qualified. The coating thickness is determined according to the fire rating. During the construction process, it should be applied layer by layer, and the thickness of each layer should not exceed the specified value to ensure that the coating is firmly attached without hollowing or peeling. For areas prone to water accumulation, such as gutters and column bases, it is necessary to strengthen anti-corrosion treatment by increasing the coating thickness or using galvanizing treatment.

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