“轻型钢结构”这个术语涵盖了两类结构逻辑、材料规格、应用场景完全不同的技术体系。如果混为一谈，选型时大概率会踩坑。

The term 'lightweight steel structure' encompasses two completely different technical systems in terms of structural logic, material specifications, and application scenarios. If mixed up, there is a high probability of falling into pitfalls when selecting.

体系一：门式刚架——工业厂房的主流选择。

System 1: Portal frame - the mainstream choice for industrial plants.

门式刚架采用热轧H型钢（Q355B材质），由钢柱、钢梁（变截面或等截面）、支撑系统、檩条、墙梁等组成。柱脚可铰接也可刚接，能配5T-32T吊车。

The portal frame is made of hot-rolled H-shaped steel (Q355B material), consisting of steel columns, steel beams (variable or equal section), support systems, purlins, wall beams, etc. The column base can be hinged or rigidly connected, and can be equipped with a 5T-32T crane.

核心参数：跨度可达18-36米，檐口高度可达9-12米，用钢量30-50kg/㎡（跨度、荷载不同差异大）。

Core parameters: The span can reach 18-36 meters, the eaves height can reach 9-12 meters, and the steel consumption is 30-50kg/㎡ (with significant differences in span and load).

适用场景：工业厂房、物流仓储、大型超市、汽车4S店等需要大跨度、大空间的建筑。市场订单量中76%是门式刚架结构。

Applicable scenarios: Industrial plants, logistics warehouses, large supermarkets, automobile 4S stores, and other buildings that require large spans and spaces. 76% of the market orders are for portal frame structures.

选型要点：设计使用年限不低于50年，安全等级不低于二级。防火等级按GB50016确定，耐火极限需满足要求。防腐涂层厚度≥150μm。

Selection criteria: The design service life should not be less than 50 years, and the safety level should not be lower than level two. The fire rating is determined according to GB50016, and the fire resistance limit must meet the requirements. The thickness of the anti-corrosion coating is ≥ 150 μ m.

体系二：冷弯薄壁型钢——轻钢别墅的技术路线。

System 2: Cold formed thin-walled steel - the technical route for light steel villas.

冷弯薄壁型钢采用壁厚≤2.5mm的C/Z型钢（Q235或Q345），通过冷弯成型工艺加工。构件在工厂预制，现场拼装。不设吊车，跨度≤18m，檐口高度≤9m。

Cold formed thin-walled steel is made of C/Z steel (Q235 or Q345) with a wall thickness of ≤ 2.5mm, processed through cold bending forming technology. Components are prefabricated in the factory and assembled on site. No crane, span ≤ 18m, eaves height ≤ 9m.

核心参数：壁厚0.8-2.5mm，用钢量25-35kg/㎡（远低于门式刚架），自重仅为传统结构的1/5至1/8。

Core parameters: Wall thickness of 0.8-2.5mm, steel consumption of 25-35kg/㎡ (much lower than that of portal frames), and self weight of only 1/5 to 1/8 of traditional structures.

适用场景：低层住宅、别墅、临时建筑、小型办公楼、营地设施等。新建占比不足12%，是小众但增长快的细分市场。

Applicable scenarios: Low rise residential buildings, villas, temporary structures, small office buildings, campsite facilities, etc. The proportion of new constructions is less than 12%, making it a niche but rapidly growing niche market.

选型要点：采用自攻螺钉连接，不得现场焊接。对施工精度要求极高——安装偏差需控制在2mm以内。构件表面镀锌层≥275g/㎡。

Selection points: Use self tapping screws for connection and do not weld on site. The requirement for construction accuracy is extremely high - the installation deviation needs to be controlled within 2mm. The galvanized layer on the surface of the component is ≥ 275g/㎡.

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